44
a Jack – a common man, a plebeian
45
a tete-a-tete – a private meeting of two persons
46
piccaninny – (US) a small child; an African baby
47
Lucifer – in Greek and Roman mythology, the Lightbearer – the morning star, symbol of dawn; in Christianity, the name of Satan before his fall
48
Tartarus – in Greek mythology, the deepest part of the underworld
49
Pluto – in Greek mythology and religion, the son of Cronus, and brother of Zeus; he ruled the underworld, the dark land of the dead
50
Proserpine or Persephone – in Greek mythology and religion, the wife of Pluto, king of the underworld
51
hullabalooing – making a lot of noise about smth; expressing excitement
52
ambuscade = ambush – an unexpected attack from a hidden place
53
lorgnette = binoculars, field-glasses (French)
54
ghouls – in Arabic folklore, demonic spirits who inhabit cemeteries and deserted places
55
ogres – in fairy-tales, giants eating human beings
56
Titans – in Greek mythology, the children of Uranius (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth)
57
Bacchus – in Greek mythology and religion, the god of vegetation, better known as the god of wine and ecstasy; in Roman mythology this god is known as Dionysus
58
musketry – from musket – a firearm of the 16th–18th centuries; in the 19th century it was replaced by a rifle
59
crape – black silk or cotton material
60
sombrero – a broad-brimmed Spanish or Mexican hat made of straw or felt
61
Cimmerian – related to the Cimmerians, the ancient people of unknown origin who lived north of the Caucasus till the 8th century BC; later they were driven by the Scythians to Anatolia
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Aeolus – in Greek mythology, the god of wind
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the Rio Grande – the river in North America; it forms the border between Texas and Mexico. The river starts in the Rocky Mountains and flows to the Gulf of Mexico
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mustanger – a man who catches, tames and sells mustangs
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Satan – the prince of evil forces, the enemy of God; he is also identified with the devil
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Mon Dieu! = My God! (French)
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the Rio de Nueces – the Nueces River in Texas and Mexico
68
Fouquiera splendens – ocotillo, or wine cactus, a flowering shrub which grows in Texas, California and Mexico
69
Lipano – the Lipan people – the Indian nomad tribe of western Texas
70
Comanche – North American Indian tribe of the Great Plains; they were skilled horsemen and led a nomadic life
71
Rangers – in the USA, soldiers, trained to make rapid attacks on the enemy territory; in Texas, Rangers were formed into regiments and used in federal service as law-enforcement forces
72
moccasin – a shoe of soft leather worn by North American Indians, hunters and traders; also a common name of Agkistrodon vipers
73
tarantula – a poisonous spider
74
centipede – a long, many-segmented insect; each segment has one pair of legs
75
the Alamo – one of the tributaries of the Nueces River; also the old chapel of the Franciscan mission, founded in 1716–1718, the place of the historic resistance of fighters for the independence of Texas from Mexico
76
papeterie – a set of writing materials (French)
77
portmanteau – a suitcase consisting of two parts that fold together
78
demijohn – a large glass wine bottle
79
corduroy – a durable fabric, used for breeches, coats, jackets and trousers
80
calico – a cotton fabric with simple designs; it first appeared in the 11th century in Calicut, India
81
brogues – strong leather shoes with stitches
82
Milesian – related to Milesians, the ancestors of the Celtic population of Ireland
83
Galway – a county in western Ireland, the largest Gaelic-speaking region of the country; a seaport and the county town of County Galway
84
Connemara – a region in County Galway, a lowland with bogs, lakes and uplands
85
manada – herd of horses (Spanish)
86
ci-devant – 1. former; 2. before (French)
87
Howly Vargin – Holy Virgin, Mother of Jesus
88
Saint Patrick – bishop and patron saint of Ireland, national apostle who brought Christianity to the country in the 5th century
89
Yankees – citizens of the USA, or more precisely of the six New England states; the origin of the word is unknown; it came into use during the Civil War in 1861–1865
90
Galwegian – inhabitant of Galway
91
grog – an alcoholic drink mixed with water
92
Nothing in his tout ensemble means nothing in his cloths
93
metier – profession, occupation, business (French)
94
Orleens – New Orleans – the largest city and port on the Mississippi River, founded in 1718 by the French settlers; in 1763 New Orleans was given to the Spanish government, but in 1803 it was returned to France. In the same year Napoleon sold it to the United States
95
Saint Looey – St. Louis – the largest city in Missouri, located on the bank of the Mississippi River; it used to be the Gateway of the West at the time of the first settlers. The Missouri River joins the Mississippi to the north of St. Louis
96
Loozeyanner – Louisiana
97
cabriesto – a kind of rope
98
the garden of Eden – in the Bible, an earthly paradise where the first people, Adam and Eve, lived
99
fracas – noise; noisy quarrel
100
Alacran – Alacran tartarus, a kind of poisonous insects
101
revanche – compensation, satisfaction (French)
102
cantata penserosa – a short musical work for a choir and a soloist
103
hydrophoby – fear of water
104
cavallada – a mare (female horse) (Spanish)
105
mise-en-scene – a scene; view (French)
106
jacales – a hut with walls covered with clay
107
faro, monte – the names of card games
108
hacienda – an estate and an estate house in Texas, Mexico and South America (Spanish)
109
the Guadalupe mountains – the mountains in western Texas and New Mexico
110
the Llano Estacado – a region in the USA on the border of Texas and New Mexico
111
Ethiopia – the country in eastern Africa (1,063,652 square km)
112
the Mexican war – the war between Mexico and the United States in 1846–1848; after the victory, the USA acquired over 1,300,000 square km of Mexican territory
113
Scott’s campaign – a military campaign in the course of Mexican war
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monte-table – here: a table used for gambling (French)
115
Colt – Samuel Colt (1814–1868), American firearms manufacturer who perfected and patented a revolver
116
corps-d’armee – army corps (French)
117
Morisco – Moorish (Spanish)
118
Andalusia – a historic region in the south of Spain (87,590 square km); the capital is Seville; Andalusian culture was greatly influenced by many centuries of Moorish rule
119
Teutonic tongue – a Germanic language; Germanic languages belong to the Indo-European family
120
peons – workmen hired by the day, who worked in the fields
121
vaquero – a shepherd (Spanish)
122
Azteca – the historical land of the Aztec in the northwest of Mexico; in the 15th–16th centuries the Aztec ruled a large empire; their origin is uncertain; after the Spanish conquest the Aztec empire came to an end
123
Anahuac – the part of Aztec Mexico (4,000 square km) where Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital, was located
124
Phidias – the Greek sculptor of the 5th century BC who created the impressive images of the Greek gods; he supervised the construction of Parthenon and initiated a building program in Athens
125
Praxiteles – the greatest of the Greek sculptors of the 4th century BC; gentle charm and grace of his works greatly influenced the development of Greek sculpture
126
eclaircissement – explanation (French)
127
muslin – a thin cotton fabric; it was first made in Mosul, Iraq
128
Geehosofat – Jehoshaphat, king of Judah in the 9th century BC, who tried to centralize the country with the help of religious and legal reforms
129
cocina – kitchen (Spanish)
130
chez soi-meme – here: alone in her room (French)
131
Xeres – sherry, the wine of Spanish origin; the name comes from Jerez, the province in Andalusia
132
Madeira – Portuguese fortified wine from the island of Madeira
133
hidalgo – a hereditary member of the gentry in Spain (Spanish)
134
Coahuila – a state in northern Mexico
135
eclat – magnificence (French)
137
majoress – wife of a major
138
douceur – here: gift (French)
140
caballeriza – stable (Spanish)
141
aurora – a morning star, the symbol of dawn; the Roman goddess of dawn
142
valet de tout – a manservant who looks after his master’s clothes, weapon, etc.
143
paraphernalia – numerous objects used for a certain activity or event
144
impedimenta – provisions, stores
145
Lucullus – Lucius Licinius Lucullus (117–56 BC), a Roman general; he is remembered for his extravagant and luxurious life and great feasts
146
manada – a herd (Spanish)
147
vidette – an observer (Spanish)
148
Hola! – Hello! (Spanish)
149
machete – a large heavy knife used both as a tool and weapon (Spanish)
150
tapis vert – a green carpet (French)
151
caracara – a large bird of a falcon group (Spanish)
152
yegua pinta – here: a spotted mare (Spanish)
153
en paz – at peace (Spanish)
154
braverie – bravery (French)
155
sang froid – composure, coolness (French)
156
Hartford – the capital of Connecticut, located in the north-central part of the state, a major industrial and commercial centre, founded in 1635
157
corral – a trap for catching wild animals, or an enclosure for cattle and horses
158
embonpoint – plumpness, stoutness (French)
159
the Emerald Isle – Ireland (poet.)
160
stampede – a sudden rash of frightened animals or people
161
palthogue – here: an amusing speech
162
mesalliance – unequal marriage
163
presidio – a fortress (Spanish)
164
General Zachariah Taylor (1786–1850) – the American general who took part in the Mexican War of 1846–1848; later he became the US president
165
Lethean – related to Lethe – in Greek mythology, the river in Hades that gives forgetfulness of the past
166
asterisks – marks used to call attention
167
bivouac – a temporary camp, usually military
168
a Joseph – a chaste man; from Joseph, a biblical figure of the Old Testament
169
sotto voce – in a low voice (Italian)
170
with his arms akimbo – with hands on the hips and elbows outwards
171
six-shooter – a revolver with six bullets
172
ma bohil – my friend (Irish)
173
billet doux – a love letter (French)
174
bravoes – brave men (Spanish)
175
salvo – salvation (Spanish)
176
cuadrilla – a gang or band (Spanish)
177
salteadores – robbers (Spanish)
178
Helen – in Greek mythology, an extremely beautiful woman, the daughter of Zeus, and the cause of the Trojan War
179
siesta – rest or sleep in the afternoon, when it is very hot outside
180
rebozo, topado – a cape or a scarf (Spanish)
181
outre – exaggerated (French)
182
equestrienne – a horse woman (Spanish)
183
escalera – staircase (Spanish)
184
cared a straw – did not care at all (idiom)
185
Pandora’s box – in Greek mythology, Pandora was the first woman made out of earth; she had a box with all kinds of evil and misery, and she opened it
186
haciendado – owner of the estate or the land (Spanish)
187
inamorata – a sweetheart, a beloved one (Spanish)
188
tomahawks – Indian weapons, small battle axes; to bury (entomb) a tomahawk means to achieve peace
189
desayuno – breakfast (Spanish)
190
almuerzo – lunch (Spanish)
191
comida – dinner (Spanish)
192
y cena – and supper (Spanish)
193
piazza – here: place, open place (Italian)
194
peccary – a wild swine
195
Seminole – North American Indian tribe, known under this name since 1775
196
sala – sitting-room (Spanish)
197
Sientese! – Sit down! (Spanish)
198
Pesos in this very sentence mean dollars. Peso was a monetary unit in Mexico and many Spanish-speaking countries
199
Maldita! – Damn it! (Spanish)
200
Carrambo!, Carajo!, Carrai! = Deuce take it! (Spanish)
201
Santissima Virgen! – Holy Virgin! (Spanish)
202
Adios! – Goodbye! (Spanish)
203
chiripe – good luck (Spanish)
204
claco – a trifle (Spanish)
205
Viva la guerra de los Indios! – Long live the Indian war! (Spanish)
206
Houma – one of the North American Indian tribes
207
bayou Atchafalaya – Atchafalaya Bay, a part of the Gulf of Mexico along the southern coast of Louisiana
208
Conde – Louis II de Bourbon, Prince Conde (1621–1686), one of the greatest French generals of the times of King Louis XIV
209
the Campeador (1043–1099) – also called the Sid, the byname of Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, Castilian national hero and military leader
210
Ferdinand – Ferdinand II, king of Aragon and Castile; he united different Spanish kingdoms into one nation and supported Columbus’ expeditions to America
211
Cortez – Hernan Cortes (1485–1547), Spanish conquistador who ruined the Aztec empire and expanded Spanish territories on the American continent
212
Pizarro – Francisco Pizarro (1475–1541), Spanish traveller who led many successful expeditions in Central and South America, conquired the Inca empire and founded the city of Lima
213
Malinche – also called Marina (1501–1550), an Indian princess; she was interpreter and mistress to Cortes during his conquest of Mexico
214
Eve – in the Bible, the first woman on earth, created from Adam’s rib by God; Adam and Eve lived happily in the Garden of Eden until Eve yielded to the temptation of the evil serpent
215
Elysium – in Greek mythology, a land of perfect happiness, the paradise to which immortal heroes were sent after death
216
sylph – an imaginary soulless creature that lives in the air
217
the old Scratch – the devil
218
Jehovah or Jahweh – in Judaism, the name of God; the name is thought too sacred to be said aloud
219
neglige – any kind of informal dress
220
robe de chambre = dressing-gown (French)
221
reja – an iron or wooden grate (Spanish)
222
Hyperion – in Greek mythology, one of the Titans
223
Satyr – in Greek mythology, half man, half goat; Satyrs were associated with the god Dionysus and his cult
224
cottonade – cotton (Spanish)
225
patio – an inner courtyard in a Spanish American home
226
the Almighty – God; the Almighty God
227
saguan – here: gates (Spanish)
228
sangre – blood (Spanish)
229
Madre de Dios – the Holy Virgin, Mother of Jesus (Spanish)
231
leperos – rascals (Spanish)
232
table-d’hote – 1. a large dinner table for many people in hotels and restaurants; 2. a fixed menu at a fixed price